The Positive Effects of Having Sport Activities for Prisoners

The Positive Effects of Having Sport Activities Offered For Prisoners Introduction: With many correctional facilities in the United States providing some recreational and sport activates, many have thought that it will become a growing trend. However, the continuous budget cuts that have been made are limiting their activities and programs. The benefits of sport activities can reduce the tension and stress while promoting healthy choices to the prisoners. Also Prisoners develop pride in winning in sporting events, develop social interaction skills, work as a team, or develop and improve themselves to strive for excellence (Truss Hunter, 2012). People outside of a correctional facility learn these skills in their lifetime, why can’t we offer the prisoners inside the facilities the same opportunities? Allowing prisoners the opportunities to participate in sport activities will occupy the prisoners by providing mental, physical, and emotional release and reducing the boredom of daily life in prison. The rapid growth in prison populations in most of the Western societies during the last decades has probably increased the interest in knowing the effects of sport and physical activity on prisoners and how these activities are developed in prison settings (Gehre Vonck, 2012). There are three areas in which people identify an interest about the issues. The areas are first physical activity and sports for prisoners’ health. Second, physical activity and sports for socialShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Sports Promoting Prisoner Health2533 Words   |  11 PagesMany researchers have looked how prisons promote a ‘healthy living’ and how this is implemented. Meek Lewis (2012) reviewed the role of sport promoting prisoner health through reports published between 2006- 2012 by the HMP for 142 prisons across England. The Prisons were grouped according to whether they were a juvenile, young adult, category B/C, local, high security, open, female, or immigration removal. Meek Lewis studied reports of the institutions on if there was provision and evidenceRead MoreThe Effects Of Incarceration Of Parents On Children2521 Words   |  11 Pagestough time when parents are absent from their lives and do not have people around to lean upon when they are facing problems that are internally or externally. I am trying to learn the effects, perception, knowledge, trauma, and emotion of children which face problems to facilitate a positive or negative outcome to having incarcerated parents. I want to help readers understand the reasons that children from minority families believe they will turn out to be criminals like their parents because societyRead MoreThe Era Of Mass Incarceration Essay1961 Words   |  8 Pageslimited to sports, work, rehabilitation programs, educational programs and much more. Many researchers and criminal rights advocates have attempted to increase the awareness of the effectiveness from different types of recreational programs, with many resulting in positive outcomes. Through the combination of personal observations and discoveries, based on a prison tour, and previous literary research on the topic of recreational programming in prison, I will attempt to reveal the positive, negativeRead MoreWhy Is It Important to Follow School Rules1494 Words   |  6 Pagesself-promotional. People are told over and over that school is necessary for success, so almost all graduates, and even dropouts, believe it. Selective memory and propagandic yearbooks help adults forget the negatives of school and only remember the positive, but to counter-act this process, instead of getting classmate signatures in your yearbook, you should use the blank pages in the back to document everything you hated about school. Vague edu-speak phrases such as educational excellence areRead MoreEssay on Prison Violence2678 Words   |  11 Pageshomosexual and heterosexual prisoners. It is very common for a gay person that is imprisoned for the first time to be taken by another prisoner as the stable couple. Consequently, the newcomer to the prison has to be -in the strict sense of the word- the other prisoners servant not to be everybody meat. He or she has to clean, ironing the clothes, etc. Another typical case is the one where homosexuals are forced to have sex or provide sexual favors to other prisoners under threat of hurting themRead MoreSports And Exercise Psychology Myths2236 Words   |  9 Pages Sport and Exercise Psychology Myths Timothy R. Horn Emporia State University Myths are commonly taken as fact when it comes to many of these areas of sport psychology. Coaches, teachers, and athletes will never change unless they inspect or are taught the facts and research behind these various theories and behaviors. This can be a large problem for those athletes who are instructed incorrectly, and it could potentially damage their futures in athletic competitions. Read MoreCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 Pagespenalties. 3. The penalty must be personal in that no one should be punished for the crime of another. 4. The penalty must be legal that it is the consequence of a judgment according to law. 5. The penalty must be certain, that no one may escape its effects. 6. The penalty must be equal for all. 7. The penalty must be correctional. Preventive Imprisonment- the accused undergoes preventive imprisonment when the offense charge is non-bailable, or even if bailable he cannot furnish the required bail. SubsidiaryRead MoreProvincial Jail10855 Words   |  44 PagesEnvironmental Design 13 2.3 Literature Related to Prison Architecture History and Design 17 2.4 Literature Related to Reformation Program of the Philippines 19 2.4.1 Inmate Work Program 20 2.4.2 Education and Skills Training 20 2.4.3 Recreation and Sports 21 2.4.4 Religious Guidance 21 2.4.5 Therapeutic Community Program 21 2.5 Five components of workable reformation program: 21 2.5.1 Reception and Diagnostics Center 21 2.5.2 Classification System 21 2.5.3 Individualized treatment. 22 2Read MoreThe Movie The Night Dad 1939 Words   |  8 Pagesrelation to them. Some parents may have an issue with a child reading his book because of negative effects that come with seeing a parent going to jail, along with the fear it will happen to their parents. Against what those parents think, reading the book The Night Dad Went to Jail, helps children through bibliotherapy, and gaining a great understanding of the different impacts that come with having your parent sent to jail. Sketch is the young rabbit narrating his story about his father going toRead MoreThe Nazi Regime Of The Weimar Republic And The Creation Of A Terror State2236 Words   |  9 Pagescreation of a terror state, in which the German society was forced to conform to the regime due to the excessive use of violence, fear, and intimidation. The Nazi regime created various economic benefits, which served to disguise the detrimental effects the regime had on youth and education, the segregation of minority groups, and women s rights. Furthermore, the German population was oppressed through the consolidation of a ruthless and merciless police state. This police state served to help form

Add a MySQL Column Using the Add Column Command

The command add column  is used to add an additional column to any given MySQL table. To do this, you must specify the column name  and type. Note:  The  add column  command is sometimes referred to as  additional column  or  new column. How to Add a MySQL Column Adding a column to an existing table is done with this syntax: alter table add column [new column name] [type]; Heres an example: alter table icecream add column flavor varchar (20) ; What this example would end up doing is adding the column flavor to the table icecream, just as it says above. It would be in the database varchar  (20) format. Know, however, that the column clause is not required. So, you could instead use add [new column name]..., like this: alter table icecream add flavor varchar (20) ; Adding a Column After an Existing Column Something you may prefer to do is add a column after a specified existing column. So, if youd like to add the column  flavor  after one called  size, you could do something like this: alter table icecream add  column flavor varchar (20) after size; Changing a Column Name on a MySQL Table You can change a columns name with the  alter table  and  change  commands. Read more about that in the How to Change a Column Name in MySQL tutorial.

Dear Friend Hamlet Essay - 947 Words

O, my dear friend Hamlet, I have been witness to your misery, triumph, and madness. I’m unable to tell if it was all an antic disposition? Or if were you really as insane as ‘the sea and the wind,’ both contending to be mightier in the storm? (4.1.7-8). I’ve come to the realisation that not everything that meets the eye is as it appears. A series of lies and manipulation have unravelled before my very eyes, ending in blood shed. Blood that is on my hands as much as it is on Hamlet’s. As his closest confidant, our bond was knitted together tightly, depending solely upon trust and loyalty. I bore witness to Hamlet’s interactions, thoughts, and moods, catching a glimpse of his real self, progressively becoming aware that his feigned madness†¦show more content†¦He once described his affection for her, stating that ‘if you were to add up the love of forty thousand brothers, their quantity of love would not make up the sum of mine,’ and although he had doubts, he never doubted the love he had for Ophelia (5.2.255-257 and 2.2.115-118). That’s why when his mentality and actions started juxtaposing his feelings I became concerned; I was no longer sure if putting on an antic disposition was wise. He was becoming so engulfed in the charade he was portraying; that it was becoming a part of his identity. It was transforming him into a deranged, ragged, wild beast, unable to control the demon within. The first time he acted out of character towards Ophelia, she was petrified, unaware of the insanity escaping from within him. I remember hearing her say that ‘he looked so out of sorts as if he’d just come back from hell’ (2.1.83-84). Should I have warned her? Would it have saved her from her own mind and thoughts? Instead, I bit my tongue and remained oblivious to the world. I valued the pacts of my friendship with Hamlet much higher than life itself, and now? I must live with the burden of Ophelia’s death on my shoulders. I realised that Hamlet’s faà §ade of madness was no longer an admirable method for revenge as his insanity was rooting deep into his soul, turning dark and menacing. He continued to confide inShow MoreRelatedOphelia and Hamlet in The Tragedy of Hamlet Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesOphelia and Hamlet In 1600, William Shakespeare composed what is considered the greatest tragedy of all time, Hamlet, the tragedy of the Prince of Denmark. His masterpiece forever redefined what tragedy should be. Critics have analyzed it word for word for nearly four hundred years, with each generation appreciating Hamlet in its own way. While Hamlet conforms, without a doubt, to Aristotles definition of a tragedy, one question still lingers. Did Shakespeare intend for the reader or viewerRead More Reality and Illusion in Shakespeares Hamlet - Appearance versus Reality1608 Words   |  7 PagesAppearance versus Reality in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Appearance versus reality is one of the central themes of Shakespeares play, Hamlet. The characters in the play assume roles for the purpose of concealment - Claudius, in reality a murderer and usurper, plays the roles of grieving brother and rightful king; the adulterous Gertrude plays the role of a most seeming-virtuous queen when she is, in her sons view, a most pernicious woman. Even Hamlet himself assumes the role of a madman in his attemptRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s Hamlet 1221 Words   |  5 Pages Shakespeare’s Hamlet is the tale of a young prince determined to uncover the truth about his father’s recent death. Hamlet’s uncle (and also the deceased king’s brother), Claudius, marries his mother the queen, and therefore, takes the throne. In the beginning of the story, Hamlet is told by the apparition of his dead father that it was Claudius who in fact murdered him. The theme that remains consistent throughout the tragedy is appearance versus reality. The characters introduced to us throughoutRead More Custom Written Essays: A Comparison of Hamlets Gertrude and Ophelia1938 Words   |  8 PagesA  Comparison of Gertrude and Ophelia  of Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚   Gertrude and Ophelia occupy the leading roles for females in the Shakespearean drama Hamlet. As women they share many things in common: attitudes from others, shallow or simple minds and outlooks, etc. This essay will delve into the various facets of what they hold in common.    John Dover Wilson explains in What Happens in Hamlet how the prince holds both of the women in disgust:    The exclamation â€Å"Frailty thy name is womanRead MoreCharacter Analysis of Gertrude in William Shakespeares Hamlet1404 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Hamlet: Argumentative Essay Introduction The purpose of this essay is to analyze the role of Gertrude in Hamlet, which is counted as one of the famous plays of English language (Thompson and Neil Taylor 74) and the most popular work of Shakespeare (Wells and Stanton 1). This essay will evaluate the role of Gertrude, who was the mother of Prince Hamlet and also the title character of the play. Thesis Statement: Gertrude, the wife of late King Hamlet was disloyal to her husband and also responsibleRead More Comparing Gertrude and Ophelia of Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1760 Words   |  8 Pagesin Hamlet  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   The Shakespearean tragedy Hamlet features two female characters in main roles, Ophelia and Gertrude. They are similar in a surprising number of ways. This essay proposes to elucidate the reader on their likeness or similarity.    It is quite obvious that both Gertrude and Ophelia are both motivated by love and a desire for quiet familial harmony among the members of their society in Elsinore. Out of love for her son does Gertrude advise:    Dear Hamlet, castRead MoreHamlet and Play Essay1048 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet Essay The act of revenge never fails to accomplish Shakespeare’s goal of keeping the audience in their seats. Hamlet, William Shakespeare’s most well written play carries the theme of revenge or redemption throughout the play. Redemption is defined to be as the desire to undo an injury or a wrongdoing. Many characters felt that they needed to redeem themselves however in doing so, they ended up facing death. For some characters, revenge had sprouted from their urges to redeem themselvesRead MoreAct 1 as an Effective Opening to Hamlet by William Shakespeare987 Words   |  4 PagesOpening to Hamlet by William Shakespeare The play Hamlet is a dramatic love story written by William Shakespeare. It is set in the late sixteenth century. Most scenes take place in the grounds of the Danish castle at Elsinore. The play has many characters, and the main ones are members of the royal family or were close to them. It is a very long, complicated story that twists into a tragic end. The main characters are Hamlet, Gertrude, Claudius, King Hamlet, PoloniousRead More Revenge and Vengeance in Shakespeares Hamlet - Beyond Vengeance1547 Words   |  7 PagesRevenge in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is an old saying, The sins of the fathers are visited upon the sons. When the sons in question are Hamlet, Laertes, and Fortinbras - pivotal characters in Shakespeares Hamlet - one might wonder how each mans father affects their particular natures - their particular sins. While Hamlet could be considered a story in the vein of Cain and Abel; a jealous man who slays his brother, an allusion which Claudius himself makes during his prayer at the climax of theRead MoreThe Character of Gertrude in Shakespeare’s Hamlet Essay1558 Words   |  7 PagesGertrude in Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet, is not a woman for emulation by others. She is too human, and not very intelligent. Let’s consider her in this essay.    Mary Bradford-Whiting, in her article â€Å"Mothers in Shakespeare† compares the mother of Juliet to the mother of Hamlet:    Juliet has a mother, to whose heart of stone she appeals in vain:    . . . O, sweet my mother, cast me not away! [Romeo and Juliet, III.v.198]    Hamlet has a mother, each remembrance of whom

Christianity, Confucianism, Buddhism, Hinduism, And Islam

1. Describe, compare and contrast the concept of â€Å"self† in Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Please state the views of each tradition fully and clearly. In life, one will undertake a spiritual journey in which you will uncover the meaning of the self. Many religions, including Hinduism, Confucianism and monotheistic religions, have developed philosophies placing importance of the â€Å"self.† Emphasis on morality, virtues, honest contribute to the development of the inner self. In religions such as, Islam and Judaism the importance of conducts and worship will lead you to paradise in the after as promised by Allah or Yahweh. The teachings of proper behavior, edict, ethics and conduct are also part of the teachings of Confucius, an ancient Chinese philosopher. Redeveloping the self, according to the founders of Buddhism and Christianity, will lead to your spiritual enlightenment and Salvation. Enlightenment is also present in Hinduism. Pursuing Dharma leads mankind to the path of happiness, pleasure and contentment as well as, savior from suffering and degradation. A final religion placing importance on the concept of the â₠¬Å"self† is Taoism. Taoism is known as a religion as well as, a philosophy. In Taoism, the pursuit of happiness, the embrace of wonder and joy through the trials of life, is the primary teaching. Hinduism is religion and way of life that was born in modern day India. Enlightenment of the self is a key element to theShow MoreRelatedWorld Religion: Christianity the Most Widespread Religion in The World1473 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the world. The six world religions are Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. Many of these religions are monotheistic, which is the belief of only one god or one higher power. There are also polytheistic believers, which is the belief in many or more than one god. These six world religions have a lot in common and they also have their differences that make their certain religion or belief special to them. Christianity is the most widespread religion in the worldRead MoreJudaism And The Jewish Prayer3766 Words   |  16 PagesJudaism such as Christianity and Islam. Judaism is a monotheistic religion meaning it worships only one god. At the time monotheistic religions were very uncommon. The Jewish consider the Tanakh their holy scripture. The Tanakh contains 39 book, which were composed around 3000 years ago. Within the Tanakh is the Torah, or first five books: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. †¢ Abraham- considered the first monotheist and father of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam David- A kingRead MoreReligion plays a lot of roles in many different cultures. Most things are religion based like in2100 Words   |  9 Pagescultures. Most things are religion based like in the United States. We are based off Christianity in many different things. In East and Southeast Asia, religion had a big role in shaping the modern history. There are many religions in East and Southeast Asia, those are Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, Animism, Confucianism, Chinese Traditional Religion, Shinto, Taoism, Judaism, Christianity, and many more. Hinduism was originated in India, it then spread to many different places including SoutheastRead MoreWomen s Discrimination Among Women2072 Words   |  9 Pagesresult, men who have such religious beliefs have not utilized the abilities and talents of women. Thus through my research paper, I will talk about women’s discrimination in seven main traditions of world religion: Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Confucianism, Judaism, Christianity and Islam. I will compare these religions in terms of â€Å"1) male and female in cosmic order, and good and evil 2) purity and impurity 3) education, teaching, and religious leadership 4) asceticism and monasticism 5) marriageRead MoreChristianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, And Confucianism1472 Words   |  6 Pagesmeanings, ranging from â€Å"kind of similar if you look at it in the right fashion†, to â€Å"exactly alike†. In any case, there are many examples, and counterexamples of universal ideas between the â€Å"main† seven religions: Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism, which will be explored in the remainder of this essay. Arguments could be made on how all religions share a similarity. For example, all religions were persecuted by outsiders at some point. Perhaps the most dramaticRead MoreEssay on Reflection On World Religion983 Words   |  4 Pagesthese religions originated and have a general concept of the beliefs behind each religion. Each of the religions we covered have one thing in common that stick out, and that is promoting peace and harmony. Hinduism One thing that I have learned is that Hindus do not worship cows. Hinduism has no founder or date of origin. Hindus believe in one supreme God who created the universe. He created many Gods, highly advanced spiritual beings, to be his helpers. Many Hindus are devoted followers ofRead MoreWorld Religions: Comparative Discussions1010 Words   |  4 PagesWorld Religions: Comparative Discussions 1.Compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism on the question of atman. What does each tradition have to say about whether a human being has an individual soul? What is the significance of this soul (or lack thereof) in each tradition? The concept of the self is critical to a great many religious traditions. Understanding ones own individual position within the context of the universe helps to drive ones relationship to the divine, to the pedestrian andRead MoreReligion in China and India1280 Words   |  6 PagesAND INDIA There are many different religions in both China and India. The most popular religions in China are ancient Confucianism and Taoism, Buddhism, Islam, Protestant, Catholic, and a new form of religion Falun Gong. India has many religions that are different or the same as the Chinese. Indian religions include: Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Sikhism, Buddhism, and Jainism. There are also many people from China that do not follow a religion because of its communist background. KRead MoreBuddhism, Hinduism, Confucianism And Monotheistic Religions1108 Words   |  5 PagesIn life, one will undertake a spiritual journey in which you will uncover the meaning of the self. Many religions, including Hinduism, Confucianism and monotheistic religions, have developed philosophies placing importance of the â€Å"self.† Emphasis on morality, virtues, honest contribute to the development of the inner self. In religions such as, Islam and Judaism the importance of conducts and worship will lead you to paradise in the after as promised by Allah or Yahweh. The teachings of proper behaviorRead MoreUnderstanding The Distributions Of Religions942 Words   |  4 PagesAtheism is the belief that there is no God and Agnosticism is the belief that the fact that there is a God or no God cannot be proven. Christianity is a universalizing religion. It is the dominant religion in North America, South America, Europe, and Australia. Countries with a Christian majority exist in Africa and Asia as well. There are three major branches of Christianity–Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, and Orthodoxy. In Europe, Roman Catholicism is the dominant branch in the southwest and east, Protestantism

U.S. Quits Climate Agreement Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the U.S. Quits Climate Agreement. Answer: U.S. quits Climate agreement The sudden decision of Donald Trump, the U.S. President, to quit the Paris accord came as a shocker to all the national leaders around the globe. The decision was received with much criticism from almost all corners of the world. The decision leads the people to believe that Trump wanted to establish a kind of imperialist rule of America and establish the U.S as the first country to leave the agreement. The decision was hotly debated for a long period of time and hence it received much of the media coverage and the needed focus in the public sphere. The Paris agreement is one of the largest collaboration of nearly 196 countries from around the globe against climate change. The accord aims at reducing the global temperature to a certain extent by reducing the emission of carbon and other harmful gases into the environment (Clmenon, 2016). The main idea of the agreement is that the developed countries should refrain from excess emission and they should lend their help to the developing countries so that the global economy is at balance as well as the emission rate. According to the agreement, the countries in the Annex 1 of UNFCC marks certain countries as developed and at the same time some are referred to as Least developed countries (LDCs). It is the responsibility of the developed countries to make sure that emission rates are cut down and the developing countries are assisted with any kind of help when needed (Rogelj et al., 2016). Donald Trumps announcement of withdrawing the from the Paris accord was based on his thoughts that such an agreement will lead to greater loss to the people of America. Trump believes that the Paris agreement lends favors to the developing countries in such a way that country like the U.S. faces a massive cut in its various profits earning process. The United States of America is a country that depends on the huge production of various kinds of services and products that serve the entire world. The production will take a hit if the country abides by the Paris Accord as they will have to keep a check on the emission levels (Zhang et al., 2017). The pressure on a country like America is greater because it is a developed country and has attained the growth by various industrial processes which have subsequently added a lot to the emissions in the atmosphere. Trump being the president of the States declared withdrawal because he figured out that if America stays in the agreement then it will be impossible for it to attain higher growth in the future. The population of the country is on the rise and the President believes that the youth needs opportunity to work in order to be able to achieve success. These opportunities will get reduced if checks are maintained on the emission level because the various industrial processes that create such opportunities will be eventually shut down. Trump in his speech declared that the decision was taken for the people of the country and it was for the well being of the entire nation and in order to avoid any kind of stagnation it is a must that the country moves away from the Paris Accord. The decision received utmost criticism from most of the global leaders. Trump was the target of many environmentalists as his decision reflected his negligence towards the grave environmental scenario. For an environmental pact to come out as a success it is a must that all the countries join hands and work together to save the environment. As the U.S. withdrew from the pact, the situation became alarming because it is measured that the U.S is one of the highest emitters of carbon in the atmosphere. Its emission levels are higher than many of the developing countries combined emission (Tollefson, 2017). The debate continues as the issue of climate conservation becomes grave with each passing day. Donald trump is of the opinion that if the Paris Agreement is reframed and the interests of America are taken into consideration then only will the U.S. join back the accord. The country will adopt and join other such environment pacts which will offer a better bet for the country and will not hamper the growth of the nation and its economy in any means. Even the slightest change in the atmosphere can lead to serious disasters and this is the reason every country should work together and contribute in protecting the environment. How will Americas withdrawal impact the Paris Agreements procedures? How will America contribute to the reduction of harmful gasses? Is the withdrawal justified? References Clmenon, R. (2016). The two sides of the Paris climate agreement: Dismal failure or historic breakthrough?. Retrieved from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1070496516631362 Johnson, S. (2018).Trump stands with climate change deniers, withdraws from Paris Agreement.Ars Technica. Retrieved 9 March 2018, from https://arstechnica.com/science/2017/06/trump-to-pull-historys-biggest-polluter-from-global-climate-agreement/ Rogelj, J., Den Elzen, M., Hhne, N., Fransen, T., Fekete, H., Winkler, H., ... Meinshausen, M. (2016). Paris Agreement climate proposals need a boost to keep warming well below 2 C.Nature,534(7609), 631. Retrieved from: https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/13307/1/nature18307_proof1.pdf Tollefson, J. (2017). Trump say no to climate pact.Nature,546, 198. Retrieved from: https://www.nature.com/polopoly_fs/1.22096!/menu/main/topColumns/topLeftColumn/pdf/nature.2017.22096.pdf?origin=ppub Zhang, H. B., Dai, H. C., Lai, H. X., Wang, W. T. (2017). US withdrawal from the Paris Agreement: Reasons, impacts, and China's response.Advances in Climate Change Research,8(4), 220-225. Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674927817301028

Agrippina during Claudius reign Essay Example For Students

Agrippina during Claudius reign Essay Agrippina during Claudius reign BY Jern330 AGRIPPINAS ROLE DURING THE REIGN OF CLAUDIUS AND HOW IT ALLOWED HER TO INCREASE HER POWER Agrippinas role during the reign Claudius began when she was recalled from exile in 39AD, after the death of Gaius. After the fall of Claudius previous wife Messalina, she used her powerful family bloodline as an incentive for marriage. During her years of marriage she was greatly influential, received many privileges and secure the succession by convincing Claudius to adopt Nero. The eath of Messalina opened a new window of opportunity for Agrippina to achieve her lifes ambition of watching her son, Nero, ascend the throne. To do this, she had Lucius Vitellius, convince the senate to change their laws on incest, as Claudius was her uncle. According to the ancient sources, Tacitus and Suetonius, she used seductive methods to gain Claudius affections. Claudius was also intent on the marriage, because unlike his predecessors, Gaius and Tiberius, he had not been adopted into the Julian family. Marrying Agrippina would unite the families. Agrippina was a significant influence on her husband. This was devious through her possession of power and dominance. Cassius Dio describes her as she had more power than Claudius himself and she possessed all power, since she dominated Claudius. According to the ancient sources, Agrippinas role during the reign of Claudius was as a dominating co-ruler, who was different to the accepted role of women. An example of this is when she used her power to interfere with political decisions, and removed the leaders of the Praetorian Guard who showed sympathies owards Britannicus, Claudius son. When Caratacus, leader of the Britons, was captured and faced Roman Justice, Agrippina sat closely by. Tacitus accounts for this event, describing the British king paid the same homage and gratitude as they would have given the emperor. This indicates her close association with the ruling the empire. Although the ancient sources attempt to discredit Claudius, modern sources suggest he ruled with more effectiveness than his predecessors. Anthony Barrett, also hints at Agrippinas important role, which is discussed in Agrippinas resence seems to have transformed the regime of her husband. During Claudius years of reigning, Agrippina received many privileges. An example of her recognition outside of Rome was when she had a colony instated at her birthplace, Ara Uborium. The name of the colony, Colonia Claudia Ara Augusta Agrippinesium, was titled as recognition of both her and Claudius. She was also granted the privilege of being driven to the capitol in a carpentum, which is a right usu ally reserved for priests and holy objects. She was given her own Praetorian guard, and in 50 AD was awarded the title of Augusta. After that her name appeared on many inscriptions and her face appeared on the obverse side of coins with her husband, which indicates her power and authority. Agrippinas final display of power during Claudius reign is shown when she successfully convinces him to adopt her son, Nero, as his successor in 51 AD. Claudius fell ill in 53 AD. Agrippina convinced Claudius to inform the senate that if he were to suddenly die, Nero would take over. She was also able to strive for the betrothal of Nero to Claudius daughter, Octavia, and then have her adopted out so their marriage would not be considered incest. In 54 AD, Claudius died. The ancient sources nolo Agrlpplna responslDle Tor nls aeatn, as sne naa a strong motive Tor wanting him killed. This was done to make sure Nero was the next Princeps. After the fall of Messalina, she used her powerful family bloodline as an incentive for privileges and succession in convincing Claudius to adopt Nero.